Elastic-fluid turbine.



.PATBNTED Nov; 28, 1905.14 s. ELLIOTT. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

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" I w. s. ELLIOTT.

BLASTIG FLUID TURBINE."

APPLIOATION FILED P1318 1 5, 1904.

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PATENTBD Nov. 28, 1905.

' W. s. ELLIOTT. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.15.1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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ELASTIC-FLUID URBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Nov. 28, 1905.

Application filed February is, 1904. Serial No. 193.566.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. ELLIOTT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, forming partof this specification, in which Figure 1 is a partial end view of anelasticfluid turbine provided with my im proved governing'a'pparatus.Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line II II of Fig. 1. v Fig. 3 is asimilar View showing the governor in elevation. Fig. 4is a similar viewshowinga modified construction employing a piston-valve. Figs. 5 and 6are detail views showing a further modified construction of valve. Fig.7 is 'a horizontal sectional view on the line VII VII of Fig. 1. Figs. 8and9 are verticalsectional views through the inlet and outlet valves ofthe cam-actuating cylinder, the governor being in elevation, indicatedby the line VIII II of Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a cross-section on theline IIX of Fig. 1.-

The object of my invention is to automatically govern the speed of anelastic-fluid turb ine,so as to maintain uniform speed under varyingloads. For this purpose I employ a governor, preferably centrifugal, tothe moving portion of which I attach valve-actuating mechanism adaptedto control'the supply and exhaust to a cylinder within which is a pistonconnected with a cam adapted to actuate a series of inlet-valvessupplying fluid to the turbine-vanes and acting against aconstant-return pressure mechanism as another piston.

The device is intended to regulate the supply of fluid to the turbine,dependent on the variations in its load, and to maintain a resultingconstant speed. Y

Referring now to the drawings, 2 is the shell or case of the turbinesurrounding wheel 3, mounted on shaft 4: and provided with the usualperipheral vanes 5. p

6 is a fluid-inlet shell having a supply-passage 7 secured on theface ofthe case 2, to supply fluid through the various valve-controlled nozzlesleading to the vanes of the turbine-wheel. At intervals along the innerside of shell 6 are a number of valve-seated nozzles 8, leading to thevanes 5, each of such nozzleseats being provided with a valve 9, mountedon the inner end of stem 10, passing. out

through a stuffing-box 11 in the front of the suitable lever 14, pivotedat 15 in suitable bear- 'ings and extending into range of theactuatingcam 16. This cam (best shown in Fig. 7) consists of anelongated bar provided with an inclined shoulder 17 ,adapted tosuccessively ride under the ends of the valve-levers to raise them andtheir valves as the bar is moved in one direction and to successivelyrelease them and allow their valves to close as it is moved in the arecontrolled by valves, the supply-port 23 by valve 25 and exhaust-port 21' by valve 26,

mounted in suitable chambers on the ends of stems 27 and 28,respectively. These stems are pivotally connected to the outerextremities of a yoke 29, which is mounted at its center upon pins 30,with whichit makes slotted engagement to allow of freemovement'of theyoke.

The pins 30 are connected with or form a part of the vertically-movingportion of a centrifugal governor A, geared by belt 31 from the mainshaft 4 or in any other suitable manner usual with this class ofdevices.

A cushion -spring 32 is inserted beneath valve 25, by which it isnormally'held in closed position to shut off the supply of fluid tocylinder 22, while asimilar spring 33 is inserted above valve 26 andadapted to normally close port 2 1 to out OK the exhaust therefrom.

When the load on the engine increases, resulting in decreased speed andclosing in of the balls of the governor, valve25 is lowered by stem'27,connected with the downwardlymovable end of the yoke 29, adapted toadmit pressure through port 23 against piston 21, as in Fig. 8, causingcam-bar 16 to travel outwardly, raising one ormore additional levers 14,and admitting an increasedv supply to the vanes. Onthe other hand, whenthe speed becomes too "great the balls of the governor fiy out, valve 26is raised by stem 28, attached to the upwardly-movable end of yoke 29,as

in Fig. 9, opening exhaust through port 2 1 from cylinder 22 andpermitting the pressure in cylinder 19 to act against piston 18 to movethe cam-bar backwardly, thereby shutting off the supply to some of thevanes, and consequently reducing the speed. The speed'is thus maintainedconstant and equilibrium of the engine established.

In Fig. 4 I show a piston-valve 32 covering nozzle 8, the valve beingconnected by its stem to a bell-crank lever 33, pivoted at 34 andbearing against cam bar 35. As the cam travels against the end of leverthe valve is opened to supply fluid to the vanes, as already described,and as the cam recedes the valve is closed.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I show a construction in which fluid is admitted toport 8 by a rocking valve 36, to the stem 37 of which is secured arock-lever 38, adapted to be raised by cam-bar 16, a series of suchvalves and levers being actuated successively, as already described.

It is evident that various constructions or arrangements of valves andactuating mechanism may be employed to control the ad mission of fluidto the turbine-vanes, and I do not desire to be limited to the exactconstruction shown and described.

I claim 1. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofvalves adapted to admit fluid successively, levers therefor, and agoverning device to operate the levers actuated by variable pressure.

2. The combination with an elastic-fl uid turbine, of a series of valvesadapted to admit fluid successively, levers therefor, and an automaticgoverning device therefor actuated by variable pressure and arranged tocontrol the operation of said levers and valves.

3. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofsupply-valves adapted to open and close successively, levers therefor,and a lifting-cam with actuating means therefor controlled by variationsin the speed of the turbine.

4:. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofsupply-valves adapted to open and close successively, levers therefor, alifting-cam, means for actuating the liftingcam, and a governing devicecontrolling the operation of said means.

5. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofsupply-valves and levers, a lifting-cam provided with aconstant-pressure piston, and a variable-pressure piston, and agoverning device adapted to control the supply to and exhaust from thevariable-pressure piston.

6. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofsupply-valves and levers, a lifting-cam provided with aconstant-pressure piston, and a variable-pressure piston, cylinders forsaid pistons, a pressure and eX- haust valve respectively controllingthe inlet and outlet of the cylinder of the variablepressure piston, anda governing device adapted to control the operation of said valves.

7. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofsupply-valves and levers, a lifting-cam provided with aconstant-pressure and a variable-pressure piston, cylinders for saidpiston, a pressure and exhaust valve respectively controlling the inletand outlet of the cylinder of the variable-pressure piston, and agoverning device geared with the turbine-shaft and provided with a yokeconnected with said valve.

8. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series ofsupply-valves and levers, a lifting-cam provided with aconstant-pressure and a variable-pressure piston, cylinders for saidpistons, a pressure and exhaust valve respectively controlling the inletand outlet of the cylinder of the variable-pressure piston, and agoverning device geared with the turbineshaft and provided with apivoted yoke connected with said valves.

9. Valve-controlling mechanism for an elastic-fluid turbine consistingof the combination with inlet-valves, of two pistons having unequalareas, means for supplying fluid-pressure thereto, and a controlling-camadapted to actuate the valves.

10. Valve -controlling mechanism for an elastic-fluid turbine consistingof two pistons having unequal areas, means for supplying fluid-pressurethereto, said pistons controlling a cam adapted to actuate the valves.

11. Controlling mechanism for an elasticfluid turbine consisting of anozzle-valve-actuating cam, pistons connected with said cam havingunequal areas, means for supplying constant pressure to one of saidpistons, and means controlling the supply and exhaust to and from theother of said pistons, said means being actuated by a governor so as tovary the pressure of said pistons during changes of the load.

12. Means for controlling the supply to an elastic-fluid turbineconsisting of two pistons having unequal areas, means for supplyingfluid-pressure to said pistons, and a cam-bar adapted to actuate thedevice for controlling the supply of fluid to the turbine.

13. Means for controlling the supply to an elastic-fluid turbineconsisting of two pistons having unequal areas, means for supplyingfluid-pressure to said pistons, and a cam-bar adapted to actuate thedevice for automatically controlling the supply of fluid to the turbine.

14. A controlling device for elastic-ii uid turbines consisting of aconstant-pressure cylinder, a piston therein, a variable-pressurecylinder, a piston therein, a cam-bar connecting said pistons, and valvemechanism controlling the supply and exhaust to and from thevariable-pressure cylinder, adapted to automatic ally vary the pressurein the variable cylinder.

15. A controlling device for elastic-fluid turbines consisting of acam-bar in engagement with nozzle-valvelevers, balanced pistonsconnected therewith, and means for throwing said pistons out of balanceupon Changes of the speed or loadof the turbine.

16. A controlling device for elastic-fluid turbines consisting of acam-bar in engagement with nozzle-valve levers, balanced pistonsconnected therewith, and means for varying the pressure on one of saidpistons upon changes of loador speed of the turbine.

17. Controlling mechanism for an elasticfluid turbineconsisting ofa-pairof balanced pistons adapted to, be thrown out of balance by change ofloads or speed of the turbine, whereby the movement of the'pistonsoperates a device for opening and closing the supplynozzles leading tothe turbine.

18. A fluid-actuated controller for Varying the mass of the elasticfluid impinging against the vanes of the turbine-automatically with theload, by means of a series of successivelyoperated lever actuatednozzle: valves controlled by a variable-pressure medium.

19. Regulating mechanism: for an elasticfluid turbine consisting of avariable-pressure fluidactuated controller, a cam connected therewith, aseries of nozzle-valves, and levers connected therewith and engaging thecam;

20. The combination in an elastic-fluidtub bine provided with a series'of valves adapted to admit fluid successively, and correspondingactuating-levers therefor, of a lifting-cam arranged to engage andmaintain-v engagement with saiddevices, and operating means connectedtherewith, actuated by variable pressure, substantially asset forth.

21 In combination with an elaStic-fluidtur bine, a fluid-actuatedcontroller having pressure-balanced pistons, adapted to vary the 'supplyby becoming unbalanced upon change 7 of the load.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in I presence of twowitnesses.

. WILLIAM S. ELLIOTT. Witnesses:

JAS. J. MoAFEE, O.-M. CLARKE.

